In Columbia V of the treaty, a provision was written that prohibited land allotments on Columbia the reservation for the length of the agreement. The tribal leaders were Columbia adamantly opposed to any form of allotment that Columbia had been enacted in 1887.
Where is Columbia? – Columbia Map – Map of Columbia Photo Gallery
The Dawes Act of 1887 adopted by Congress authorized the president of the Columbia to survey tribal lands and divide it into allotments for individuals. Those who accepted and agreed to live separately from the tribe would be made citizens. Its stated purpose was to assimilate Native Americans into white American society by affording them the civilizing experience of private property ownership. Your travel destination is defining “civilized” is in the eyes of the beholder, in this case the author, Senator Henry Dawes of Massachusetts, who declared, “To be civilized was to wear civilized clothes, cultivate the ground, live in houses, ride in Studebaker wagons, send children to school, drink whiskey, own property.”
In the name of reform, Dawes sought to give the protection of America’s laws to Native Americans by allotting plots of land of 40 to 160 acres to individuals and heads of households. Even if the original goal of Dawes and others was noble in intent, the act was written for ignoble conclusions. Anyone with an ounce of legislative knowledge could have seen through to the underlying motives. It was, in my opinion, a bribe connected to a theft wrapped in a swindle. It would destroy family and tribes, stripping them of their remaining dignity and traditions. It was racism and ethnic cleansing cloaked in the sanctimonious aura of divine guidance for heathens. Furthermore, it was a land grab without the necessity of treaties or negotiation.
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