In 1867 the constitution known as the December Constitution was adopted granting equality before the law, freedom of press, freedom of speech freedom of assembly and allowed all nationalities in the empire the right to retain their native language. However, the empire was not willing to grant constitutional autonomy with any other province except Hungary. Czechs and Poles were the most vocal in their demand for merger with Austria.
Map Of Southern Germany And Austria
Industrialization and Urbanization (1 minute)
At this time the empire was making the transitions from a agricultural society to an industrial society. Peasants from the countryside were moving to industrial cities in Bohemia (in today’s Czech Republic), Lower Austria, Vienna and Upper Styria (all in today’s Austria). Bohemia’s main industry was textiles; other industries included metallurgy, chemical industries, food processing plants, machine and glass manufacturing and iron foundries. Styria and Carinthia (both part of today’s Austria) had iron foundries and metallurgy. The railroad network in Austria had also expanded.
World Map Of Austria Physical Map Of Austria Photo Gallery
Map Of Switzerland Germany And Austria Map Of Ski Resorts In Austria
Austria opened the Vienna International Exhibition of 1873 to showcase its industrial development, but soon after the exhibition opened the stock market crashed due to overexpansion and reckless speculation. The panic of 1873 was not isolated only to Austria but also to other European countries and America. Austria went on to recover from this economic crisis and by the early 20th century
was experiencing a period of economic prosperity once again.
Trouble in the Balkans (1 minute)
At this time the Ottoman Empire was in decline, it was referred to as “the sick man of Europe”. This encouraged Balkan nations to oppose Turkish rule. The Three Emperors’ League (between Russia, Germany and Austria-Hungary) of 1873 recognized Habsburg dominance in the western part of the Balkans Peninsula. After the Congress of Berlin (1878) which settled the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878 allowed Russia to retain Bessarabia, created a large independent Bulgaria, Montenegro gained its independence. Serbia which also gained its independence was already allied to Austria-Hungary sought its protection. Austria-Hungary was allowed to occupy Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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